基于FPGA高速Serdes接口的收发模块握手协议设计

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2025.03.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提升FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)高速Serdes通讯稳定性,实时监控其通讯状态,文中设计了一种基于K码控制字符的通讯协议。创建标志用户数据帧起始的动态SOF(Start of Frame)和标志结束的静态EOF(End of Frame)两种K码控制字符,有利于通讯的连续性检测。创建TLINK(Transmit Link)、BLINK(Back Link)的K码控制字符,其中TLINK控制字符在Serdes的发送端进行定期发送,接收端收到TLINK控制字符后,控制本方的Serdes发送端优先输出BLINK控制字符进行应答,以建立通讯双方之间的握手关系,有利于通讯的超时和状态检测。校验独立于SOF、EOF之间的用户数据,进行CRC32(Cyclic Redundancy Check32)计算,有利于通讯的误码检测。实验结果表明,该协议可实现对Serdes链路的丢帧数量、误码数量、超时数量及通讯断开时长进行准确监控,最小时间精度为10 μs。

关键词: FPGA, Serdes, 收发模块, K码, 握手协议, 通讯监控 SOF, EOF

Abstract:

In order to improve the stability of FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) high-speed Serdes communication and monitor its communication status in real time, a communication protocol based on K-code control characters is designed. Two K-code control characters, dynamic SOF(Start of Frame) that marks the start of user data frames and static EOF(End of Frame) that marks the end, are created to facilitate the continuity detection of communication. K-code control characters TLINK(Transmit Link) and BLINK(Back Link) are created, where the TLINK control character is sent regularly at the Serdes sender. After the Serdes receives the TLINK control character, it controls the sender of its own side to output the BLINK control character for feedback, establishing a handshake relationship between the two communicating parties, which is beneficial for communication timeout and status detection. Verifying user data independent of SOF and EOF for CRC32(Cyclic Redundancy Check32) calculation is beneficial for communication error detection. The experimental results show that the protocol can accurately monitor the number of frame losses, error codes, timeouts, and communication disconnection duration of the Serdes link, with a minimum time accuracy of 10 μs.

Key words: FPGA, Serdes, transceiver module, K-code, handshake protocol, communication monitoring, SOF, EOF

中图分类号:

TN913

刘正强, 洪徐健, 孙卫红. 基于FPGA高速Serdes接口的收发模块握手协议设计[J]. 电子科技, 2025, 38(3): 82-87.

LIU Zhengqiang, HONG Xujian, SUN Weihong. Handshake Protocol Design of Transceiver Module Based on FPGA High-Speed Serdes Interface[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2025, 38(3): 82-87.

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类型	数据(16进制)
空闲标志控制字符IDLE	55D500BC
Serdes请求链接握手控制字符TLINK	55D501BC
Serdes响应链接握手控制字符BLINK	55D502BC
用户数据帧起始标志控制字符SOF	XXD503BC
用户数据帧结束标志控制字符EOF	55D504BC

序号	丢帧数/个	误码数/个	握手超时次数/个	握手超时时间/ms
1	0	0	0	0
2	4	39	545 633	5 456.33