77GHz宽带低副瓣毫米波微带天线设计

doi:10.19665/j.issn1001-2400.2022.05.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对微带天线带宽较窄的问题,提出一种适用于地下煤矿机器人环境感知的宽带低副瓣毫米波微带阵列天线。该毫米波天线阵列由主辐射单元层、寄生贴片层以及空气层构成。主辐射单元采取道尔夫-切比雪夫阵列综合方法以实现低副瓣特点,空气层和寄生单元通过降低等效介电常数及增加新的谐振点有效展宽天线带宽,T形功分器馈电网络设计实现良好的阻抗匹配。HFSS仿真结果表明,天线的-10 dB阻抗带宽为7 GHz,工作频率为76.6~83.6 GHz,E面最大副瓣电平为-15 dB,H面最大副瓣电平为-24 dB,最大增益为17 dBi,满足了毫米波雷达远近距离切换和复杂散射介质回波灵敏度的应用需求。与目前的77 GHz毫米波天线相比,此天线有效降低了副瓣电平,进一步拓展了工作带宽,提高了雷达的抗干扰能力以及分辨率。针对地下煤矿复杂的地磁环境特点,该天线所具有的强抗干扰能力和高分辨率等性能在地下巷道环境感知方面有很大的优势。

关键词: 微带天线, 宽带, 低副瓣, 毫米波, 煤矿机器人

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna,a wideband low sidelobe millimeter wave microstrip array antenna for mine robot environment sensing is proposed.The millimeter wave antenna array consists of a main radiation element layer,a parasitic patch layer and an air layer.The main radiation unit adopts the Dolph-Chebyshev array synthesis method to achieve low sidelobe characteristics,the air layer and parasitic unit can effectively broaden the antenna bandwidth by reducing the equivalent dielectric constant and adding new resonance points,and the feed network design of a T-type power divider achieves good impedance matching.HFSS simulation results show that the -10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 7 GHz,the operating frequency is 76.6~83.6 GHz,the maximum sidelobe level of the E plane is -15 dB,the maximum sidelobe level of the H plane is -24 dB,and the maximum gain is 17 dBi,which can meet the application requirements of millimeter wave radar long-range and short-range switching and echo sensitivity of the complex scattering medium in a wide range.Compared with the current 77 GHz millimeter wave antenna,this antenna effectively reduces the sidelobe level,further expands the working bandwidth,and improves the radar’s anti-interference ability and resolution.In view of the complex geomagnetic environment characteristics of underground coal mines,the strong anti-interference ability and high resolution of the antenna have great advantages in the perception of underground tunnel environment.

Key words: microstrip, broadband, low sidelobe, millimeter wave, coal mine robot

中图分类号:

TN959.5

范文颖, 侯庆文, 陈先中. 77GHz宽带低副瓣毫米波微带天线设计[J]. 西安电子科技大学学报, 2022, 49(5): 109-116.

FAN Wenying, HOU Qingwen, CHEN Xianzhong. Design of the 77GHz broadband low sidelobe millimeter wave microstrip antenna[J]. Journal of Xidian University, 2022, 49(5): 109-116.

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参数名称	尺寸/mm	参数名称	尺寸/mm	参数名称	尺寸/mm
W₁	0.40	L_f₁	1.30	W_f₀	0.200 0
W₂	0.70	L_f₂	1.24	L_f₀	1.120 0
W₃	1.10	L_f₃	1.14	W_f	0.100 0
W₄	1.36	L_f₄	1.10	h	0.101 6
L₁	1.18	L_p₁	1.34	h₁	0.200 0
L₂	1.16	L_p₂	1.22	W_p	1.220 0
L₃	1.10	L_p₃	1.12	覆铜厚度	0.040 64
L₄	1.03	L_p₄	1.10

参考文献	馈电网络	-10 dB带宽 /GHz	E面最高副瓣电平/dB	H面最高副瓣电平/dB	峰值增益 /dBi	尺寸/mm	阵元数目
[8]	SIW	75.0~78.5	-20	-15.2	21.70	15.4×30.7	6×16
[9]	SIW	75.0~78.8			20.00	13.0×28.3	6×10
[6]	SIW	75.0~78.5	-15	-18.0	20.33		8×10
[7]	微带	75.8~77.3	-22		16.00		1×10
文中提出天线设计	微带	76.6~83.6	-15	-24.0	17.00	10.0×21.0×0.4	4×8+4×8