高动态复杂场景下航空自组网路由协议研究

doi:10.19665/j.issn1001-2400.20230313

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着航空运输规模的迅速增长,以民航飞机为主的航空自组网通信已经具备通信组网覆盖的基础。能否找到一种有效手段将高动态不确定复杂场景下航空器节点重要数据传输并安全备份,是提高空天地一体化系统可靠性和管理能力的重要措施。然而,航空自组网所具备的网络拓扑结构高动态变化、网络跨度大和网络链路不稳定等特点,给航空自组网网络协议设计,尤其是路由协议设计带来了严峻考验。为了便于未来在航空自组网路由协议设计方面开展深入研究,对航空自组网路由协议设计相关要求进行了全面的分析并对现有的路由协议进行了全面的调研。首先根据航空自组网的特点分析了航空自组网路由协议设计所需要考虑的因素、面临的挑战以及设计原则;然后,根据现有路由协议设计特点,对国内外已有航空自组网路由协议进行了分类综述与分析;最后,探讨了未来航空自组网路由协议设计的研究重点,为推动我国下一代空天地一体化网络研究提供了参考。

关键词: 高动态复杂场景, 航空自组网, 路由协议, 数据传输

Abstract:

With the rapid enlargement of the air transportation scale,the aviation ad hoc network(AANET) communication based on the civil aviation aircraft has possessed the capacities of communication network coverage.To find an effective means of important data transmission of aircraft nodes in highly dynamic and uncertain complex scenarios and backup them safely has become more important for improving the reliability and management abilities of the air-space-ground integrated network.However,the characteristics of the AANET,such as high dynamic change of network topology,large network span,and unstable network links,have brought severe challenges to the design of AANET protocols,especially the routing protocols.In order to facilitate the future research on the design of AANET routing protocols,this paper comprehensively analyzes the relevant requirements of AANET routing protocol design and investigates the existing routing protocols.First,according to characteristics of the AANET,this paper analyzes the factors,challenges,and design principles that need to be considered in the design of the routing protocols.Then,according to the design characteristics of existing routing protocols,this paper classifies and analyzes the existing routing protocols of the AANET.Finally,the future research focus of the routing protocols for the AANET is analyzed,so as to provide reference for promoting the research on the next generation of the air-space-ground integrated network in China.

Key words: highly dynamic and complex scenarios, aviation ad hoc network, routing protocols, data transmission

中图分类号:

TN929.5

姜来为, 陈正, 杨宏宇. 高动态复杂场景下航空自组网路由协议研究[J]. 西安电子科技大学学报, 2024, 51(1): 72-85.

JIANG Laiwei, CHEN Zheng, YANG Hongyu. Research on aviation ad hoc network routing protocols in highly dynamic and complex scenarios[J]. Journal of Xidian University, 2024, 51(1): 72-85.

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文献	路由选择使用的信息	优化指标
文献	路由选择使用的信息	端到端延迟	资源消耗	传输率	吞吐量	链路稳定性
ML-OLSR^[12]	节点移动速度、负载	√		√
文献[13]	链路的稳定性、节点中心性	√	√		√	√
QSRP^[14]	路径寿命和负载		√	√		√
MQSPR^[15]	路径寿命、负载、延迟	√	√	√		√
QoS-MUDOR^[17]	路径寿命、节点速度		√			√
LESR^[19]	路径寿命、节点速度	√	√		√	√
NTAR^[20]	链路寿命、负载			√	√
HSRP^[22]	飞行流速	√	√	√
GLSR^[24]	节点缓存大小、位置	√		√	√
A-GR^[25]	节点速度、位置	√	√	√	√
TAG^[26]	节点位置、局部网络拓扑		√
GHRAA^[28]	航线信息、节点速度和位置	√		√
NoDe-TBR^[30]	节点密度、跳数	√	√	√	√
AeroRP^[31]	节点速度、位置		√	√	√
RGR^[32]	跳数、位置			√
文献[33]	跳数、位置、路线寿命	√	√	√
TBCR^[35]	位置、虚拟拓扑	√	√
文献[38]	跳数、链路负载	√
文献[39]	网络拓扑结构	√			√	√
文献[41]	链路容量、链路的传输延迟、飞行阶段、QoS需求	√		√	√	√
文献[42]	邻居拓扑信息	√			√	√
文献[43]	距离、速度、排队延迟	√		√
QNGPSR^[46]	邻居拓扑信息	√		√
文献[47]	距离、排队延迟	√