轻量级位置隐私的安全查询方案

doi:10.19665/j.issn1001-2400.20240402

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着各类位置服务相关应用的快速发展,出现了需要对特定兴趣区域的访问用户进行查询和统计的服务需求。现有的查询方案可实现对访问用户的隐私保护,但采用的同态加密协议会引入较高的计算开销,无法实现对移动终端的实时统计,且存在不同兴趣区域的误判问题。基于布隆过滤器和安全向量内积协议,提出一种新的轻量级位置隐私查询方案。该方案设计了一种复合空间布隆过滤器,实现多种类位置数据的高效编码,与一种安全的向量内积计算协议结合,在保护用户位置隐私的前提下允许服务提供商完成对特定兴趣区域用户的访问统计。从理论上证明了方案的正确性和安全性,分析了其计算和通信开销。实验结果表明,该方案与典型代表方案相比,避免了用户在不同兴趣区域的误判问题,提高了查询准确度;在所设定实验条件下,离线和在线计算开销可降低2个数量级,同时可减少约50%通信开销。

关键词: 位置隐私, 查询隐私, 布隆过滤器, 安全标量积协议

Abstract:

With the rapid development of various location-based services related applications,there is a service demand for counting the visiting users to a specific area of interest.Existing schemes realize the privacy protection of visiting users,but the encryption protocol used introduces a high computational overhead,which prevents real-time statistics on mobile users and suffers from the problem of misjudgment in different areas of interest.A new lightweight private location query scheme is proposed based on the bloom filter and scalar product computation.The proposed scheme designs a compound spatial bloom filter to efficiently encode location data,which,in combination with a secure scalar product computation protocol,allows service providers to learn whether a user is at a specific point of interest while preserving the user's location privacy.The proposed scheme can efficiently achieve the user’s position privacy access control while minimizing the overhead of computation and communication.Experimental results show that this scheme avoids the problem of user misjudgment in different areas of interest and improves the query accuracy compared with typical representative schemes;that under the set experimental conditions,the offline and online computational overheads can be reduced by two orders of magnitude,and that the scheme can reduce the communication overhead by about 50%.

Key words: location privacy, query privacy, bloom filter, secure scalar product

中图分类号:

TN929

乐燕芬, 厉天宸, 宋威燃. 轻量级位置隐私的安全查询方案[J]. 西安电子科技大学学报, 2024, 51(4): 180-191.

LE Yanfen, LI Tianchen, SONG Weiran. Secure lightweight query solution for location privacy[J]. Journal of Xidian University, 2024, 51(4): 180-191.

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方案	参与方	离线计算开销	在线计算开销	通信量/bit
SBF	PLS	(\|S_Δ\|k)H+(m)Me+(2m)Mm	(m)Me	m·1 024
	用户	—	(k)H+(m)Me	m·1 024
CSBF	PLS	(\|S_Δ\|k)H+(2m)mul+(4m)add/sub	2add/sub	m·\|β\|
	用户	—	(k)H+(k)mul+(m)add/sub	\|β\|

方案	用户位置隐私	空间位置编码方式	不同阶AoI误判	位置隐私查询匹配方式	通信开销
SBF	保护	布隆过滤器+高阶覆盖低阶AoI元素	会	Paillier加密	大
CSBF	保护	布隆过滤器+高低阶AoI元素复合	不会	标量积协议	小

方案	离线PLS加密	在线用户隐私计算	在线PLS解密
SBF	92.18 s	2 450.5 ms	9.85 s
CSBF(\|β\|≈ 64 bits)	0.16 s	19.3 ms	48.1 μs
CSBF(\|β\|≈1 024 bits)	0.33 s	131.1 ms	890.2 μs