智能超表面毫米波覆盖增强波束设计与测量

doi:10.19665/j.issn1001-2400.20241002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对毫米波无线通信系统中信号覆盖性能弱的问题,提出使用智能超表面反射宽波束以持续增强弱覆盖区域信号强度的方法。首先,在没有视距路径的收发机之间引入智能超表面,利用智能超表面电波传播模型,得到反射辅助路径的接收信号功率表达式。随后,根据先验信息的不同获知程度,提出一种智能超表面反射相移设计框架,并采用启发式算法实现智能超表面离散相移约束下的高效寻优。仿真结果证明,所提算法能够基于智能超表面合成任意宽度的反射波束。同时,根据待覆盖区域的具体形状优化能够进一步提高智能超表面覆盖增强性能。最后,搭建智能超表面反射方向图测量系统和毫米波通信原型系统,在35 GHz频段开展测量验证,获得与仿真结果一致的性能。在暗室环境下的方向图测量验证了智能超表面波束合成算法的有效性。在实际环境下开展的信号覆盖情况测量中,对比未部署智能超表面的情况,部署智能超表面和所提算法后信号覆盖率从1.5%提升至90%。

关键词: 智能超表面, 毫米波, 覆盖增强, 波束合成, 原型测量

Abstract:

To address the issue of weak signal coverage of the millimeter-wave in wireless communication systems,the method for using the reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS) to reflect wide beams is proposed,which enhances the signal strength in weak coverage areas.First,an RIS is introduced between the transmitter and receiver,with no direct line-of-sight path between them,to enhance the received signal strength in weak coverage areas.A general electromagnetic wave propagation model for RIS-aided millimeter-wave communication is established,with an analytical expression for the received signal power derived.Subsequently,based on different levels of prior information about the area,a general design framework for the reflection phase shift of RIS is proposed.For the optimization problem of discrete phase shifts of RIS,a heuristic algorithm is employed for efficient optimization.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can synthesize reflection beams with any width based on RIS.Additionally,further optimization based on specific information about the area shape can further improve the millimeter-wave signal coverage performance in the target area.Finally,a radiation pattern measurement system and a RIS-based millimeter-wave communication prototype system are set up.Measurement campaigns are conducted in the 35 GHz frequency band,yielding results that match those in the simulations.Radiation pattern measurement results in an anechoic chamber validate the effectiveness of the wide beam synthesis algorithm.In real-world signal coverage measurements,the signal coverage rate is improved from 1.5% to 90% after deploying RIS and the proposed algorithm,as compared to the scenario without RIS.

Key words: reconfigurable intelligent surface, millimeter-wave, coverage enhancement, beam synthesis, measurement

中图分类号:

TN929.5

滕晓坤, 孟声国, 陈伟聪, 唐万恺, 金石. 智能超表面毫米波覆盖增强波束设计与测量[J]. 西安电子科技大学学报, 2024, 51(5): 189-200.

TENG Xiaokun, MENG Shengguo, CHEN Weicong, TANG Wankai, JIN Shi. Design and measurement of reconfigurable intelligent surface-aided millimeter-wave coverage enhancement with wide beam[J]. Journal of Xidian University, 2024, 51(5): 189-200.

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