高低轨卫星联合覆盖干扰规避多波束资源分配

doi:10.19665/j.issn1001-2400.20250509

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高低轨卫星联合覆盖系统中低轨卫星部署必须无条件规避对高轨卫星的干扰。已有研究采用基于隔离角的空域隔离多波束资源分配,或不满足国际电联的干扰规避要求,或会造成低轨卫星系统服务质量下降。针对以上问题,提出一种高低轨卫星联合覆盖的干扰规避多波束资源分配机制,以等效功率通量密度为干扰规避约束,以最大化波位服务满意度为目标,构建高低轨卫星联合覆盖多波束资源分配优化问题模型,并提出一种联合粒子群和遗传算法的求解算法。在系统忙时和闲时,分别与基于隔离角的联合迭代多星跳波束算法和负载均衡及功率控制多星跳波束算法对比。仿真结果表明:基于所选取业务模型,系统最忙时,文中算法较负载均衡及功率控制和多星跳波束算法均满足等效功率通量密度门限要求;波位服务满意度方面,文中算法较负载均衡及功率控制多星跳波束算法提升7.43%,较基于隔离角的联合迭代多星跳波束算法降低3.31%;波位总吞吐量文中算法较负载均衡及功率控制多星跳波束算法提升11.91%,较基于隔离角的联合迭代多星跳波束算法提升2.99%。系统最闲时,3种算法波位服务满意度和波位总吞吐量性能一致,但隔离角的联合迭代多星跳波束资源分配算法不满足等效功率能量密度门限要求。

关键词: 卫星通信系统, 高低轨联合覆盖, 资源分配, 干扰规避

Abstract:

In the joint coverage satellite communication systems with the Geosynchronous Orbit (GSO) and Low Earth Orbit (LEO),the deployment of LEO communication systems must unconditionally avoid interference with GSO communication systems.Existing research on spatial isolation multi-beam resource allocation algorithms based on the isolation angle,which may not meet the interference avoidance requirements of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU),or may reduce the service quality of LEO communication systems.In response to the above issues,this paper proposes an interference avoidance multi-beam resource allocation mechanism considering the joint coverage provided by GSO and LEO.Taking the Equivalent Power Flux Density (EPFD) as the interference avoidance constraint and aiming to maximize Beam Service Satisfaction (BSS),a multi-beam resource allocation optimization problem is formulated considering the joint coverage provided by GSO and LEO.Then a solution combining particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm (BSS Beam Hopping Interference Avoidance with PSO and GA,BBHIA-PG) is proposed.Simulations are carried out to verify the performance of the BBHIA-PG,by comparing it with existing Joint Iterative Multi Satellite Beam Hopping (JIMS-BH) and Load Balancing and Energy Efficient Beam Hopping (LB-EE-BH) algorithms.Based on the selected traffic model,when the system is busiest,BBHIA-PG and LB-EE-BH can meet the EPFD threshold requirements while JIMS-BH cannot.Moreover,BBHIA-PG provides a BSS that is 7.43% higher than that of LB-EE-BH and 3.31% lower than that of JIMS-BH,and a beam throughput performance that is 11.91% higher than that of LB-EE-BH and 2.99% higher than that of JIMS-BH.When the system is idlest,three algorithms show a similar performance in BSS and beam throughput,but JIMS-BH cannot meet the EPFD threshold requirements.

Key words: satellite communication systems, joint coverage with GSO and LEO, resource allocation, interference avoidance

中图分类号:

TN927.2

胡金龙, 刘子凡, 周一青, 曹欢, 陈道进. 高低轨卫星联合覆盖干扰规避多波束资源分配[J]. 西安电子科技大学学报, 2025, 52(3): 12-25.

HU Jinlong, LIU Zifan, ZHOU Yiqing, CAO Huan, CHEN Daojin. Multi-beam resource allocation with interference avoidance for joint coverage with GSO and LEO satellite systems[J]. Journal of Xidian University, 2025, 52(3): 12-25.

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EPFD门限值 /(dB·W·m^-2)	不超出EPFD门限值的时间百分比	参考带宽/kHz	参考天线直径/cm 和参考天线模型
-175.4	0	40	60 ITU-R S.1428-1
-174.0	90.000
-170.8	99.000
-165.3	99.730
-160.4	99.991
-160.0	100

参数对象	参数类型	参数名称	值
高轨卫星参数	星座参数	卫星轨道高度/km	35 786
	星座参数	卫星数量	22
	天线参数	天线半径/ m	2.5
		EIRP/(dBW·MHz^-1)	40
		系统总带宽/MHz	100
		工作频率/GHz	10.7
		天线增益模型	3GPP TR38.811
高轨地面接收站参数	天线参数	地面接收站数量	28
		天线半径/m	0.3
		天线模型	ITU-R S.1428-1
		天线噪声温度/K	150
		环境噪声温度/K	290
		天线噪声系数/dB	1.2
低轨卫星参数	星座参数	卫星轨道高度/km	550
		卫星个数	1 584
		星座构型	Walker Delta
		天线半径/m	0.3
		EIRP/(dBW·MHz^-1)	12.909
	天线参数	系统总带宽/MHz	100
		工作频率/GHz	10.7
		天线模型	3GPP TR38.811
		宽波束半功率张角/(°)	60
		点波束半功率张角/(°)	2
		单星波束数量	16
低轨地面站参数	天线参数	天线半径/m	0.3
		天线增益模型	3GPP TR38.811
		G·T^-1值/(dB·K^-1)	9.8
仿真系统参数	场景参数	系统仿真起止时间	2024-02-01 0:00~24:00
		调度周期/ms	60
		仿真时长/h	每整点选取6统计
		点波位个数	680
	拓扑参数	LEO卫星最小可视仰角/(°)	25
	拓扑参数	GEO卫星最小可视仰角/(°)	10

算法	JIMS-BH	LB-EE-BH	BBHIA-PG
(4:00:00)闲时	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0
(19:00:00)忙时	0.864 4	0.778 0	0.835 8

时间段	EPFD 门限值(段)	不超过门限值占比要求	JIMS-BH 不超过门限值占比	LB-EE-BH 不超过门限值占比	BBHIA-PG 不超过门限值占比
(4:00:00)闲时	-174.0	90.000	94.41	91.98	90.13
	-170.8	99.000	98.40	99.97	99.00
	-165.3	99.730	100.00	100.00	99.94
	-160.4	99.991	100.00	100.00	100.00
	-160.0	100.000	100.00	100.00	100.00
(19:00:00)忙时	-174.0	90.000	83.01	93.95	90.00
	-170.8	99.000	94.95	99.91	99.00
	-165.3	99.730	99.98	100.00	100.00
	-160.4	99.991	100.00	100.00	100.00
	-160.0	100.000	100.00	100.00	100.00