西安电子科技大学学报

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一种常温条件下的微波冷噪声源设计

董帅1,2;王振占1;贺秋瑞1,2;张雷1,3   

  1. (1. 中国科学院 国家空间科学中心微波遥技术重点实验室,北京 100190;
    2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049;
    3. 解放军理工大学 气象海洋学院,江苏 南京 210007)
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-17 出版日期:2017-02-20 发布日期:2017-04-01
  • 作者简介:董帅(1988-),男,中国科学院国家空间科学中心博士研究生,E-mail: dongshuaihy@sina.com
  • 基金资助:

    全球水循环观测卫星有效载荷关键技术与卫星方案设计论证研究资助项目(XDA04061202)

Design of an active cold noise source under the normal temperature condition

DONG Shuai1,2;WANG Zhenzhan1;HE Qiurui1,2;ZHANG Lei1,3   

  1. (1. CAS Key Lab. of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    2. Univ. of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. PLA Univ. of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210007, China)
  • Received:2015-12-17 Online:2017-02-20 Published:2017-04-01

摘要:

针对传统微波噪声源在提供低亮度温度噪声时需要制冷的局限性,介绍了一种工作于常温条件下的新型微波冷噪声源器件.以“冷场效应管”原理为基础,给出了双端口微波网络在输出端口端接负载情况下的输入端口处噪声温度模型.提出了一种有源微波冷噪声源的设计方法,并选用高电子迁移率场效晶体管为核心研制了L波段有源微波冷噪声源器件.采用L波段微波辐射计系统对该器件进行测试,在室温环境下(29℃),该器件在1400~1430MHz的工作带宽内可产生低至85.3K的亮度温度.测试结果表明,该有源微波冷噪声源可在无须制冷的常温环境下为辐射计系统提供稳定的内定标低点,解决了传统冷噪声源受制于液氮制冷设备的问题.

关键词: 有源微波冷噪声源, 辐射计, 定标, 遥感, 高电子迁移率场效晶体管

Abstract:

In view of the limitation of the traditional microwave noise source in providing low brightness temperature noise, a new type of microwave cold noise source device is introduced. Based on the “ColFET” principle, the 2-port microwave network with output-port terminated noise temperature model is given. A design procedure of the active cold noise source (ACNS) is described, and an L-band ACNS using the GaAs high electron mobility transistor is reported. A noise injection radiometer has been developed to perform the measurements. The L-band ACNS works at 302K, and exhibits a noise temperature of less than 85.3K in the 1400~1430MHz frequency band. Test results show that the ACNS can be used as a microwave radiometer calibration cold source.

Key words: active cold noise source, radiometers, calibration, remote sensing, high electron mobility transistor