多星敏感器协同观测的短弧关联算法

doi:10.19665/j.issn1001-2400.2021.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

星敏感器是一种高精度姿态传感器,将星敏感器断续观测的航迹段准确关联是实现空间目标精确定轨的前提。为解决因目标观测时长过短而无法确定初轨的航迹关联问题,提出一种基于假设边值的空间目标短弧关联算法。通过运用多星敏感器联合定位方法,将星敏感器的仅测角数据转换为目标的空间坐标,从待关联航迹段中各取一点作为边界。基于边界关联假设,计算出所有假设边界条件下空间目标轨道的理论值。利用马氏距离及卡方检验进行关联判决。这种算法能够更好地适应多对多航迹关联,并且可以较为准确地拒绝不相关航迹。仿真结果表明,该算法在关联准确率和执行时间上优于基于容许域确定初轨及正弦拟合的短弧关联方法。

关键词: 边值定轨, 目标关联, 中断航迹, 星敏感器, 短弧关联

Abstract:

The star sensor is a high-precision attitude sensor with the ability to shoot space targets intermittently.It can be used as a new type of space target monitoring platform.Accurately associating the track segments of the star sensor with intermittent observations is the prerequisite for precise orbit determination of space targets.In order to solve the problem of trajectory association where the initial orbit cannot be determined because the target observation time is too short,a short arc association algorithm for space targets based on hypothetical boundary values is proposed.By using the multi-satellite sensor joint positioning method,only the angle measurement data of the star sensor are converted into the spatial coordinates of the target,and each point from the track segment to be associated is taken as a boundary.Based on the boundary association hypothesis,the theoretical values of the space target orbit under all assumed boundary conditions are calculated.The Mahalanobis distance and chi-square test are used to make related judgments.The algorithm in this paper can better adapt to many-to-many track association,and can reject uncorrelated tracks more accurately.After simulation,the algorithm in this paper is superior to the short arc correlation method based on the admissible region to determine the initial orbit and sine fitting in terms of association accuracy and execution time.

Key words: boundary value orbit determination, target association, track segment, star sensor, short-arc association

中图分类号:

V443+.5

黄秋实,张雅声,冯飞. 多星敏感器协同观测的短弧关联算法[J]. 西安电子科技大学学报, 2021, 48(4): 64-72.

HUANG Qiushi,ZHANG Yasheng,FENG Fei. Short-arc association algorithm for joint observation of multiple star sensors[J]. Journal of Xidian University, 2021, 48(4): 64-72.

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噪声标准差	σ_x/km	σ_y/km	σ_z/km	位置标量/km
1″,100 m	0.573 2	0.875 7	0.131 5	1.054 8
2″,100 m	1.031 7	1.663 8	0.276 1	1.977 1
2″,1 000 m	1.679 6	2.151 7	0.480 2	2.771 5

间隔时间/h	相关目标	不相关目标	TP	TN	FP	FN
1	132	68	131	68	0	1
2	167	33	165	33	0	2
5	145	55	140	54	1	5
10	129	71	121	69	2	8