电大山区地物环境中电波传播的电磁计算

doi:10.19665/j.issn1001-2400.20230210

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在无人驾驶与无人机等新兴行业中,信号覆盖范围的要求较高,不仅仅在城市,在人迹罕至的山地、沙漠、森林中也需要无线信号的覆盖才能真正完成远程操控,这些地区更多需要考虑的是地势变化对电磁传播所带来的影响。计算电磁学中的一致性几何绕射理论方法是分析电大环境电磁问题的有效方法,使用计算电磁学的方法研究电磁波在山区地物环境中的传播规律。给出了一种建立不规则地形模型的新方法,可以通过数字高程的网格数据生成电磁算法可用的三次多项式曲面,使用多个立方曲面对不规则地形进行拼接,使用平均均方根误差验证模型数据的准确性。基于所得的地形数据,完成了并行的几何光学算法,并对区域电磁场的分布进行了仿真计算。选取了实际山区地物环境进行了实地测量,测量结果与仿真结果对比趋势一致,验证了该方法在非规则地形中电磁波传播分析中的有效性。考虑环境电磁计算的规模,建立了相应的并行策略,100核测试的并行效率可以保持在80%以上。

关键词: 电大山区地物环境, 电波传播, 数字高程, 分形建模, 几何光学, 并行计算

Abstract:

In emerging industries such as unmanned aerial vehicles and drones,the signal coverage requirements are high,not only in the city,but in the inaccessible mountains,deserts,and forests also wireless signal coverage is needed to truly complete remote control.These areas need to consider the impact of terrain changes on electromagnetic transmission.The Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction method in Computational Electromagnetic is an effective method to analyze electromagnetic problems in electrically large environments and this paper uses the method of computational electromagnetics to study the propagation of electromagnetic waves in mountainous environments.A new method of constructing an irregular terrain model is presented.The available terrain data can be generated by the cubic surface algorithm,and the irregular terrain is spliced by multiple cubic surfaces.The accuracy of the model data is verified by the mean root mean square error.Based on the topographic data,a parallel 3D geometric optical algorithm is completed,and the distribution of the regional electromagnetic field is simulated.The actual mountain terrain environment is selected for field measurement,and the comparison trend between the measurement results and the simulation results is consistent,which verifies the effectiveness of the method in the analysis of electromagnetic wave propagation in the irregular terrain.Considering the scale of environmental electromagnetic computation,a parallel strategy is established,and the parallel efficiency of 100 cores test can be kept to be above 80%.

Key words: electrically large mountainous terrain environment, radio wave propagation, digital elevation model, fractal modeling, geometric optics, parallel computing

中图分类号:

TN82

王楠, 刘俊志, 陈贵齐, 赵延安, 张玉. 电大山区地物环境中电波传播的电磁计算[J]. 西安电子科技大学学报, 2024, 51(1): 21-28.

WANG Nan, LIU Junzhi, CHEN Guiqi, ZHAO Yanan, ZHANG Yu. Electromagnetic calculation of radio wave propagation in electrically large mountainous terrain environment[J]. Journal of Xidian University, 2024, 51(1): 21-28.

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子区域数目	平均均方根误差/m	均方根误差最大值/m	均方根误差最小值/m
869	1.772 6	10.846 0	0.512 4
4 536	0.384 0	7.451 2	0.133 6

核心数	时间/s	计算效率/%
1	4 500 497.60	100.0
32	161 783.00	87.0
64	82 547.80	85.2
128	43 443.98	80.9
256	24 571.02	71.5