Table of Content

20 April 2005 Volume 32 Issue 2

  

Original Articles

Equal-power higher-power sum-squeezing of a kind of multi-mode functional superposition state light field

XU Ding-guo;FENG Zhe-jun; An Yu-ying

J4. 2005, 32(2):  165-169. 

Abstract ( 1469 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

Based on the linear superposition theory in quantum mechanics, a kind of multi-mode functional superposition state light field which is made up of distinct unsymmetry five different multi-mode functional coherent states is developed. By using the mutli-mode squeezing state theory, the properties of the generalized nonlinear equal-power higher-power sum-squeezing of a kind of multi-mode functional superposition state light field is studied in detail. It is found that, under certain conditions, the first or the second perpendicular phase component of the multi-mode functional superposition state ligh field can present any generalized nonlinear equal-power higher-power sum-squeezing effect which changes periodically.

An experimental study of the effect of off-axis pumping on laser characteristics


TANG Ying-de;LI Bing-bin;GUO Zhen;WANG Shi-yu;WEN Jian-guo;CAI De-fang;CHE Jin-xi

J4. 2005, 32(2):  170-173. 

Abstract ( 1827 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper deals with the law of the threshold, oscillating modes, slope efficiency and the beam quality varying with the pumping position under the condition of the off-axis pumping. The results prove that the threshold, the slope efficiency and the factor of the beam quality become higher and the laser mode changes from the high order to the low order Hermite-Gaussian mode as the Δx departs from the axis. At the same pumping position, the laser mode changes from the high order to the low order Hermite-Gaussian mode because of the heat domino effect becoming prominent as the LD current increase.


A novel low voltage high precision CMOS current reference


ZHU Zhang-ming;YANG Yin-tang;YIN Tao

J4. 2005, 32(2):  174-178. 

Abstract ( 1908 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

Based on the low voltage PTAT bandgap reference and bulk-driven low voltage operational amplifier, a novel low voltage high precision CMOS current reference is implemented.The supply, temperature and technology characteristics are simulated by TSMC 0.25μm CMOS Spice models.When the supply voltage rages from 1.0～1.8V, the output current is equal to 12.437～12.497μA at room temperature.When the temperature ranges from 0～47℃, the output current is also equal to 12.447μA.The maximal absolute current error of technology is equal to 0.54μA, and the relative error to the normal output current is 4.34%.


Human status recognition method for the life detection radar based on the harmonic model


SHI Lin;JIANG Min;HUANG Li

J4. 2005, 32(2):  179-183. 

Abstract ( 1463 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The life detection radar is developed for human life signals detection, location and status recognition by the doppler effect of body movements, breathing and heartbeat.In this paper by analyzing experimental data, a colored Gaussian noise model and a harmonic signal model are proposed, with model parameters estimated by the high-order cumulant.Then the method for human status recognition is proposed based on the characteristic of life signals.Experimental results confirm that the method has a high recognition rate of greater than 90%.


Study of the stripmap synthetic aperture radar imaging method


WEI Qing;YANG Shao-quan;RAO Xian;LUO Ming

J4. 2005, 32(2):  184-188. 

Abstract ( 1683 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The paper deals with a calibration method for quasi-broadsie side-looking mode SAR imaging with a small squint angle.First, the method adopts the broadside side-looking mode subaperture spotlighting algorithm to image the real data of the quasi-broadside side-looking mode SAR, and then based on the obtained image the small squint angle is estimated.Finally, the calibrated squint side-looking mode subaperture spotlighting algorithm is employed to obtain the final image.The paper also places emphasis on a novel method called the phase alignment algorithm for subaperture reference signals.The algorithm adjusts phases of respective subaperture reference signals in order to make them in phase and constructs a new spotlighting window function for SAR imaging.The theoretical analysis shows that under the condition of the same sample data, the novel method can increase the SAR scene area in azimuth dimension.The methods are verified by the results of computer simulation.


A new method for infrared image enhancment based on image fusion


LIN Xiao-chun(1);LI Cun-zhi(2)

J4. 2005, 32(2):  189-192. 

Abstract ( 1948 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

A new approach to enhancing the infrared image is proposed.Different means are used for different kinds of noise respectively.The edges of the target and background are enhanced in addition to the elimination of the Gauss noise and pulse noise.This method realizes the enhancement of infrared targets by increasing the complexity of hardware in the detection system.It can be used for the pre-processing of the detection or matching track to the ground background infrared image.


Software implementation of the dynamic modeling code of flexible multibody systems


YANG Dong-wu;DUAN Bao-yan

J4. 2005, 32(2):  193-196. 

Abstract ( 1296 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The formula deduced with Mathematica for dynamic modeling of flexible multibody systems is not simple enough and well formatted for programming.In order to code these formula into our system program of dynamic analysis for flexible multibody systems, a program module is developed to simplify and recode the formula using a recursion method.A test has been conducted which shows that the symbolic processing module is correct, effective and robust.


2D ADI-FDTD method applied to EM scattering with cylindrical wave source illumination

ZHENG Song-kui;GE De-biao;TIAN Chun-ming

J4. 2005, 32(2):  197-200. 

Abstract ( 1529 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

To analyze the scattering with cylindrical wave illumination, a line source excitation method in the 2D ADI
FDTD method is discussed. The source excitation is imposed to both the first and
the second subiterations simultaneously, rather than forced in the first subite
ration only. In order to verify the proposed scheme the scattering problem of a
conducting cylinder illuminated by a line current source is treated. The ADIFD
TD result is in good agreement with the closed form solution. Also, the scatteri
ng of a 2D airfoil model is computed, showing the practical applicability of the
presented scheme. The timestep size in ADIFDTD is no longer restricted by t
he
Courant condition. If the cell size discretized in space is smaller, the 2D ADI
FDTD method is more efficient than the conventional FDTD method.


Random factor method of finite element analysis for random platebeam composite structures

LIANG Zhen-tao;CHEN Jian-jun;MA Hong-bo

J4. 2005, 32(2):  201-205. 

Abstract ( 1533 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The finite element analysis methods for platebeam composite structures with random physical parameters under the random loads action are studied. Based on the random factor method, considering the randomness of both the elastic module of the structures and the applied load, the finite element equations of the structures are built, and the computational expressions of the mean value and mean variance of the structural displacement response and stress response are developed by the algebra method. Through examples, the influences of the randomness of the structural physical parameters and loads on the structural displacement and stress response are analyzed, and the rationality and feasibility of presented model and approach are validated.


Skeleton extraction of IC real defects using morphology


WANG Jun-ping1;2;HAO Yue1;JIN Ming-e1

J4. 2005, 32(2):  206-209. 

Abstract ( 1896 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The lithography processes, especially the defects introduced, have a direct impact on the yield of the integrated circuit (IC). Diagnosing and classifying lithography defects, which exhibit a great variety of shapes, are very important to improve the yield. As a result, the skelecton of defects is a key feature that can be used to describe the shape of defects and to recognize the defects. In this paper, a method for extracting the skeleton of IC real defects based on mathematical morphology is presented. Defined by means of the luminance (L) and saturation (S) space, the LS space eigenvalue is used in clustering segmentation for the IC real colour defect image and the wavelet decomposing is used in segmentation for the IC real gray image. Then, the proposed method removes noisy spurs and extracts a skeleton set from noisy images. This approach is very useful in the IC extra material defects recognition. Experimental results show that the proposed method gives a simple description of IC defect shapes, which provides the foundation for detection and classification of defects accurately.


Study of interactive synchronous technology for selforganized network


SUN Xian-pu;ZHANG Yan-ling

J4. 2005, 32(2):  216-219. 

Abstract ( 1510 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

An interactive synchronous technology for the wireless self-organized network is proposed, which is convenient for the network to adopt the Multiple Access Control(MAC) protocol based on Time Division Multiplex Address(TDMA) to meet the requirement of real-time traffic. The synchronization of the network is achieved by the exchange and interaction control of the time benchmark between the nodes. In this kind of synchronous technology, each node sends its time benchmark periodically. Any node should adjust its own time benchmark according to the time benchmarks of its neighbor nodes, so all the nodes in the network have the same time benchmark and realize the synchronization between them is achieved. It is indicated that this synchronous method neither needs any high precision clock for each node, nor depends on the other networks operation (such as GPS, etc.). On the other hand, this technology also avoids the bottleneck effect which will occur when the network's time benchmark is provided by a given node, and improves the network's reliability.


A novel scheme for accurate estimation of single tone jamming parameters in a multicarrier spread spectrum system


YING Xiao-fan1;CHU Zhen-yong1;2;TIAN Hong-xin1;YI Ke-chu1

J4. 2005, 32(2):  220-224. 

Abstract ( 1703 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

A new scheme for accurate estimation of single tone jamming parameters in a multicarrier spread spectrum system is presented. Base on the results computed by the Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT) in demodulation and dispreading, the scheme can estimate accurately the parameters such as frequency, amplitude and initial phase of single tone jamming by analyzing two spectra lines having higher energy than other. The scheme has low complexity and can overcome the shortcomings of common methods which adopt only the single spectra line having maximum energy to estimate single tone jamming parameters. Simulation results show that the scheme has some advantages such as short computation time and high precision and can estimate all parameters.


A vector space secret sharingmultisignature scheme without a trusted share distribution center


XU Chun-xiang1;2;NIU Zhi-hua1;XIAO Guo-zhen1

J4. 2005, 32(2):  225-228. 

Abstract ( 1655 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

A vector space secret sharingmultisignature scheme without a trusted share distribution center is proposed. In this scheme, there is no trusted share distribution center, and each participant acts as a trusted share distribution center to generate his secret key and distribute the corresponding secret shares to other participants. This scheme combines the mechanism of the vector space secret sharing scheme with that of multisignature. An authorized subset of participants can easily produce their group signature by pooling their secret shares, but an unauthorized subset of participants cannot produce their group signature by doing so. This scheme uses random numbers to protect the secret values generated by the relative secret sharing algorithm and distributed to the participants. Therefore a group signature of an authorized subset of participants cannot be impersonated by any other set of participants, and forgers can be found. Meanwhile any participant can detect wrong secret shares. The validity of the partial signature and the group signature is verified by means of verification equations.


Study of feature compounding and interaction models at the stage of service design


LIU Yan-ming1;LI Peng2

J4. 2005, 32(2):  229-233. 

Abstract ( 1518 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The methods for solving the Feature Interaction problems are of two weak points: low detecting ability and incomplete detecting methods. This paper discusses the approaches to detecting feature interactions in intelligent networks at the stage of service design. And based on the discussion, the model for denoting features is presented, called the combining model, which uses the FSM to denote the behavior of features and uses the temporal logic to represent the inhere property of features. Consequently, this paper presents the feature compounding theory and the feature interaction model at the stage of service design.


Development and characteristics of AlGaN/GaN HEMT


WANG Chong;HAO Yue;ZHANG Jin-cheng

J4. 2005, 32(2):  234-236. 

Abstract ( 2947 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

AlGaN/GaN HEMTs grown on sapphire substrates with 1μm gate-length have been fabricated. These devices exhibit the peak extrinsic Transconductance of 160mS/mm and the saturation drain current density 720?mA/mm at 1V and the breakdown voltage above 50V. Ideal Source-drain current-voltage characteristics and Schottky characteristics of AlGaN/GaN HEMT are revealed at RT. Based on the analysis of the effect of some key processes on characteristics. The methods and directions in improving the performances of these devices are proposed in this paper.


A subspace tracking algorithm for space-time multi-user detection


ZHANG Hui;ZHANG Jin

J4. 2005, 32(2):  237-241. 

Abstract ( 2013 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

From the foundation of the investigation of the multi-user detection algorithm based on the subspace method, we propose a multiuser detection technology combined with array antennas reception—space-time multi-user detection technology to increase the capacity of the DS-CDMA system and improve the performance of the SNR and the bit error rate(BER). This technology makes it possible to apply multi-user detection to the overloaded system and increase the system capacity. The improved newOPAST algorithm is applicable to the blind space-time multi-user detector. Simulation results show that this scheme provides the output SNR and BER similar to those by the classic algorithm with stable global convergence and less computation complexity.


Pulsed antenna nearfield measurement technique


LIU Mu-lin;ZHANG Shi-xuan

J4. 2005, 32(2):  242-246. 

Abstract ( 1321 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The pulsed antenna near-field measurement technique is a novel antenna measurement technique developed since the 1990's. Pulse parameters of the transmitted signal are presented in this paper. With the plane-wave theory of time-domain fields, computing formulas of the far-field pattern are obtained. A setup scheme of the pulsed antenna near-field measurement system adaptable to practical requirements is given. Finally, some questions that ought to be paid attention to in pulsed antenna near-field measurement is analyzed on the basis of measured near-field data.


Simulation and analysis of the millimeter wave chirp frequency stepped radar signal with vibration of a helicopter


ZHANG Guan-jie1;3;ZHANG Qun2;ZHANG Tao3;DU Zi-cheng3;ZHANG Shou-hong1

J4. 2005, 32(2):  247-252. 

Abstract ( 1705 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The mathematical mode about the vibration of a helicopter is first constructed. Then the influence of the sine vibration on the high-resolution range profiles is analyzed. It is shown in terms of “the paired-echoes” that “the paired-profiles” of the range-profiles, which result from the sine vibration, will arise under some conditions. The synthetic range-profiles are simulated under the system of the Millimeter Wave Chirp Frequency-Stepped Radar Signal. And it is proposed that much improvement of the range profiles can be achieved by using the vibration compensation of the main rotor of the helicopter in forward flight.


Remote control in industrial automation


HU Rong-xu;LI Cun-zhi;WU Zhen-sen

J4. 2005, 32(2):  253-255. 

Abstract ( 1575 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The model for the remote control system and industry project are designed based on the TCP protocol by combining the traditional industry control model with computer network technology and its application in the MOCVD device control system are given. A better application effect can be obtained by testing.


A novel image retrieval algorithm based on the color and distribution of interest points


MENG Fan-jie; GUO Bao-long

J4. 2005, 32(2):  256-259. 

Abstract ( 1785 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

A novel algorithm for image retrieval based on interest points is presented. Interest points are regarded as the vision clues, and an annular color histogram is designed, which takes not only the local color feature into consideration, but also the space distribution information of interest points. With robustness to rotation and translation, the algorithm avoids the shortcoming of losing the location information in color histogram. Experimental results show that this algorithm is simple and improves the image retrieval efficiency.


A multiobjective genetic algorithm based on a new model


LIU Chun-an1;2;WANG Yu-ping1

J4. 2005, 32(2):  260-263. 

Abstract ( 1552 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The rank and density of the population are first defined and then the density distribution variance and uniform distribution index function of solutions in objective space are clearly given. The rank is a measure of the quality of solutions, and the density distribution variance is a measure of the uniformity of the distribution of solutions. Using these two measures as two objective functions, the multi-objective optimization problem is finally converted into a two objective optimization problem. For the transformed problem, a novel genetic algorithm is proposed. In designing the algorithm, the uniform distribution index function is integrated into the mutation operator to adaptively adjust the search. As a result, the solutions will gradually move to the entire Pareto front and their distribution will gradually become uniform.


A blind synchronization method based on cyclostationarity


HU Mei-xia;ZHANG Hai-lin

J4. 2005, 32(2):  264-267. 

Abstract ( 1943 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems are very sensitive to the synchronization error. In this paper, we present an algorithm for blind estimation of symbol timing and carrier frequency offsets in wireless OFDM systems. The algorithm exploits only the second-order cyclostationarity of received signals and dose not need additional pilots. The simulation results demonstrate the high performance of the proposed estimator over different channels with the characteristic of its adaptation to channels.


A novel scheme for enhancing capacity of CDMA and GSM based on the shared common radioband


WANG Lei;NIE Min;PEI Chang-xing;ZHAO Nan

J4. 2005, 32(2):  268-271. 

Abstract ( 1662 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

To increase the capacity of the mobile communication system and consider the concurrence of CDMA and GSM systems for a long term, we put forward the scheme that the two systems share a common radio-band. First, at the transmitter, GSM signals will be multiplied by PN sequences to be transferred from the TDMA mode to the CDMA/TDMA mode. Then they will transmit with CDMA signals on the same bandwidths, so the U_m interface combination problem of these two systems can be solved. At the receiver, CDMA/TDMA signals will be multiplied by the same PN sequences to be transferred to the TDMA mode, the these two signals can be separated. It can be seen from theoretical analysis and simulation resuls that this method can double the total system capacity.


Delay boundary prediction based playout control scheme for media synchronization


WU Wei;CHANG Yi-lin

J4. 2005, 32(2):  272-275. 

Abstract ( 1414 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper utilizes the Chebychev inequality and statistic characteristics of the jitter to predict the network delay boundary of packet transmission in packet multimedia communication. Furthermore this paper proposes a playout control scheme for real-time packet audio communication, which makes short-term prediction about current playout delay according to the historical trace of network delay. Based on the prediction, playout times of packets in each talkspurt are determined. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can adaptively follow the changes of network delay and produce significant reductions in playout delay at the expense of about 1％ late packet ratios.


Estimation of coupling noise in VLSI design


DONG Gang;YANG Yin-tang;LI Yue-jin;CHAI Chang-chun

J4. 2005, 32(2):  276-279. 

Abstract ( 1258 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The coupling effect induced by capacitance has become a key factor in VLSI design, as taller and narrower wires are now placed closer to each other. In this paper, we apply the L model for coupling interconnects and present an analytical expression for coupling noise based on dominant-pole approximation. The factors affecting peak noise are discussed. Compared with the methods available, the model is simplified without lowering accuracy. It can be used in noise-aware layout optimization.


Study and improvement of proxy signature based on elliptic curves


ZHANG Ning;FU Xiao-tong;XIAO Guo-zhen

J4. 2005, 32(2):  280-283. 

Abstract ( 1959 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

We cryptanalyze the proxy signautre based on the Elliptic Curves proposed by Bai, and concerning the properties of proxy signatures, some improvement is made. The new scheme has the property of identifiability, and the Elliptic Curves Encryption algorithm is applied to the scheme, with the improved security of the delegation procedure.


Design and realization of an NIDS benchmark test system


YAO Lan;WANG Xin-mei

J4. 2005, 32(2):  284-289. 

Abstract ( 1703 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper discusses in detail, the benchmark test system for network-based intrusion detection systems(NIDS) we developed. The system designs a new network attack description language called NADL1.0 which can describe all the network attack activities in a unified way to form the database of test scripts. Furthermore, the system simulates the attacking host, sacrificed host and background traffic host based on the synthesized architecture to realize the real creation of attacking sessions and its fusion sending with background traffics.


A new FDTD conform technique for scattering analysis


TANG Wei1;2;WU Zhen-sen1;LI Qing-liang1;DONG Hui2

J4. 2005, 32(2):  290-293. 

Abstract ( 1685 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

We present a new conformal finitedifference time-domain scheme for the electromagnetic scattering problem. It adopts the interpolation of the nearest electric components for the distort field and the deform area, which provides a more accurat value of the contour-path. We illustrate the application of the algorithm proposed here on scattering problem with several examples. Results show that the agreement between the conformal FDTD and the theory or the measured data is excellent even if the timestep by our method is longer than that by the conventional FDTD.


q-ary generalized shrinking generator


GAO Jun-tao;DONG Li-hua;HU Yu-pu

J4. 2005, 32(2):  294-299. 

Abstract ( 1708 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

For providing a good sequence generator, we design the q-ary generalized shrinking generator by combining the ideas of the filter function generator and the clock-control generator. We show that the sequences family generated has a good correlation and takes on the linear space or an Abel group on condition that the clock-controlled sequence is an m-sequence. If the clock-controlled sequence is a generalized self-shrinking sequence the k-error linear complexity of sequences is very large. Simultaneously, the sequences have a large period and high linear complexity. All of the above shows that the q-ary generalized shrinking generator can be used as the key generator.


Analysis of the reserve price and starting price in online English auctions


DU Li

J4. 2005, 32(2):  300-303. 

Abstract ( 1463 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

For an online English auction on eBay, this paper presents the expressions for the seller's expected revenue with or without the reserve price, and finds that the total number of bidders and the absolute difference between the upper bound and the lower bound of bidders' valuation are compensated with each other on the expected revenue. It is shown that the expected revenues are concave and strictly increase at the compensating rate, and that when bidders are enouth the maximum expected revenues almost remain the same whether or not the reserve price is set.


A study of the optimal redundancy structure of hardwaresoftware systems


LIU Yun;WEN Xiao-ni;ZHAO Wei

J4. 2005, 32(2):  304-306. 

Abstract ( 1808 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

It is a challenging problem to take the hardware-software systems reliability into account in system reliability design. Based on the fault tolerance technology, this paper presents an optimal redundancy structure model for the hardware-software systems to reach the maximum reliability under a certain constraint. This paper also gives the solution to the model.


A novel adaptive image fuzzy enhancement algorithm



WANG Bao-ping1;LIU Huai-liang2;LI Nan-jing1;XIE Wei-xin3

J4. 2005, 32(2):  307-313. 

Abstract ( 1926 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The no-linearity transform in image enhancement is studied in detail, and its drawbacks are found, on the basis of which a novel image fuzzy enhancement arithmetic operator is proposed, which not only has a closing character and an automatic-adjusting character, but also has a transplant character to other enhancement arithmetic. In addition, by quoting fuzzy entropy, the selection of the threshold value in image enhancement is beneficial to a certain extent. We use our new algorithm to extract image edges, with a better result than that of the now-available image fuzzy enhancement method.


The fabrication of the triode CNTFED with new cathode-pasting technology


LI Yu-kui1;2;LI De-chang3;CHU Chang-chun1

J4. 2005, 32(2):  314-317. 

Abstract ( 1407 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The carbon nanotube film cathode is prepared on the silicon substrate by the catalyst-pyrolysis process. The triode CNTFED device sample is fabricated by the simple screen-printing process, high temperature sintering process and low-melting-point-glass sealing-in technology. The carbon nanotube cathode is assembled by new cathode-pasting technology, so the difficulty of the existence of the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the silicon substrate and the packaging glass is settled, and the contamination of the carbon nanotube cathode is avoided. The stable and reliable whole device packaging is confirmed by new cathode-pasting technology, and the applicability and flexibility of the cathode-assembly-method are obviously improved. The whole FED possesses better filed emission characteristics and higher vision brightness.


A blind identification method for single-input multi-output multi-channel systems


HU Huai-zhong;LIU Wen-jiang;WANG Yong

J4. 2005, 32(2):  318-322. 

Abstract ( 1488 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

A new blind identification method for singleinput multi-output(SIMO) multi-channel systems is proposed. The outputs of each channel are reconstructed to a new output sequence, which has a cyclostaionarity property. Based on subspace decomposition the parameters of different channels should be estimated separately. Compared with high order statistics approaches this method has less complication and is more suitable for high speed communication channel identifycation. Simulation result shows that it has a high estimate accuracy.


A wide band CPWfed triangular monopole antenna


WANG Wei1;2;ZHONG Shun-shi2;CHEN Sheng-bing3

J4. 2005, 32(2):  323-326. 

Abstract ( 1509 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

A novel arrow-shaped monopole antenna with a coplanar waveguide(CPW) feed line is presented. The element and the feed line are etched on the same side of a substrate. The antenna is analyzed numerically, fabricated and tested. The measured results are given, showing a 111.8％ bandwidth for the voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR) of 2：1 covering the 0.788～2.787GHz frequency range. The numerical results agree well with the experimental ones. The proposed antenna can be used conveniently in broadband communications.


On generalized parade problem


LIANG Chang-hong;WANG Meng;PIAO Zhe-hua

J4. 2005, 32(2):  327-328. 

Abstract ( 1180 )   Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The parade problem is developed to generalized parade problem. The author points out that probability can be transferred under the non random condition. The author alos does the experiment to prove it. Results show that there is a good agreement between the theory and the experiment.