一种基于电磁超材料的大规模天线阵列天线罩解耦技术

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2022.01.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文中设计了一种去耦天线罩,为解决紧凑排列的大规模天线阵列中相邻端口隔离度较低的问题提供了参考。天线罩主体是一层具有低介电常数和低损耗性的介质板,其上印刷了周期性排列的金属贴片结构。通过调整金属贴片的形状以及天线罩到天线阵列的距离,使天线罩产生的反射波与阵中的耦合波幅度相同、相位相反,二者相互抵消,达到增加阵中端口间隔离度的效果。测试结果表明,加载去耦天线罩前,天线阵列单元内异极化隔离度为-20 dB左右,单元间同极化隔离度为-22 dB左右;加载天线罩后,单元内异极化隔离度在2.5~2.61 GHz之间改善了约8 dB。单元间同极化隔离度也得到了明显的改善,其在2.6 GHz频点处改善了约10 dB;加载去耦天线罩前后对天线阵列辐射特性没有显著的影响。

关键词: 解耦, 天线罩, 电磁超材料, 5G, 天线阵列, 隔离度, 辐射特性, 周期性结构

Abstract:

In this study, a decoupling radome is designed to provide a reference for solving the problem of low isolation between adjacent ports in a compactly arranged large-scale antenna array. The main body of the radome is a layer of dielectric plate with low dielectric constant and low loss, on which a periodically arranged metal patch structure is printed. By adjusting the shape of the metal patch and the distance between the radome and the antenna array, the reflected wave generated by the radome and the coupled wave in the array have the same amplitude and opposite phase,and the two cancel each other out, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the isolation between the ports in the array. The test results show that the isolation of the different polarization in the antenna array unit before loading the decoupling radome is about -20 dB, and the isolation of the same polarization is about -22 dB. After loading the radome, the heteropolarization isolation in the unit is improved by about 8 dB at 2.5~2.61 GHz.The co-polarization isolation between the units has also been significantly improved, which is improved by about 10 dB at the 2.6 GHz frequency point. Moreover,there is basically no effect on the radiation characteristics of the antenna array before and after loading the decoupling radome.

Key words: decoupling, radome, electromagnetic metamaterial, 5G, antenna array, isolation, radiation characteristics, periodic structure

中图分类号:

TN82

陈政宏,蒋沅臻,侯建强. 一种基于电磁超材料的大规模天线阵列天线罩解耦技术[J]. 电子科技, 2022, 35(1): 6-11.

CHEN Zhenghong,JIANG Yuanzhen,HOU Jianqiang. A Large-Scale Antenna Array Radome Decoupling Technology Based on Electromagnetic Metamaterials[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2022, 35(1): 6-11.

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频率/MHz	增益变化值/dBi
2 500	0.264 0
2 525	0.226 7
2 550	0.316 1
2 575	0.353 4
2 600	0.438 4
2 625	0.156 2
2 650	0.123 5
2 675	0.172 4
2 700	0.183 1