新能源车电机驱动系统的EMI协同分析

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2023.10.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对电动汽车内部的电机驱动系统存在的电磁干扰问题,文中建立了车辆电机驱动系统电磁干扰的预测模型。基于电磁兼容原理,分析了车内电机驱动系统模块的电磁干扰机理。构建了模块中引起干扰的IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors)功率半导体器件模型,建模过程考虑了实际器件寄生参数的影响。利用复合建模方法建立了由驱动电机、逆变器以及电机控制系统组成的电机驱动系统模型,通过Simulink+Maxwell+Simplorer协同分析技术实现了电机驱动系统电磁干扰信号采集。仿真与实测数据的对比验证了文中方法的有效性,二者误差均未超过10 dB,并基于GB/T 18655-2018电磁兼容标准对结果超标的部分进行了优化整改。

关键词: 新能源车, 电机驱动系统, 电磁干扰, 电磁兼容, 永磁同步电机, 协同分析, SVPWM算法, 逆变器

Abstract:

In view of the electromagnetic interference problem of the motor drive system inside the electric vehicle, a prediction model of the electromagnetic interference of the vehicle motor drive system is established in this study. Based on the principle of electromagnetic compatibility, the electromagnetic interference mechanism of the in-vehicle motor drive system module is analyzed. The model of the IGBT power semiconductor device that causes interference in the module is constructed, and the influence of the parasitic parameters of the actual device is considered in the modeling process. Through the Simulink+Maxwell+Simplorer collaborative analysis technology, the electromagnetic interference signal acquisition of the motor drive system is realized. The comparison between the simulation and the measured data verifies the effectiveness of the method proposed in this study, and the errors of both are less than 10 dB.Based on the GB/T 18655-2018 electromagnetic compatibility standard, the results of the parts exceeding the standard are optimized and rectified.

Key words: new energy vehicle, motor drive system, electromagnetic interference, electromagnetic compatibility, permanent magnet synchronous motor, collaborative analysis, SVPWM algorithm, inverter

中图分类号:

TN97

徐至江,谭康伯,李敏,赵子文,陈同山. 新能源车电机驱动系统的EMI协同分析[J]. 电子科技, 2023, 36(10): 24-31.

XU Zhijiang,TAN Kangbo,LI Min,ZHAO Ziwen,CHEN Tongshan. Research on EMI Synergy Analysis of New Energy Vehicle Motor Drive System[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2023, 36(10): 24-31.

图/表 15

图1

表1

电机模型的参数取值"

参数名称	数值	参数名称	数值
额定功率/kW	20.00	额定电压/V	305.00
额定转速/rpm	3 000.00	转子极数/个	8.00
转子外径/mm	136.80	转子内径/mm	63.00
定子外径/mm	248.00	定子内径/mm	140.00
定子槽数/个	36.00	叠压系数	0.97
定子槽 $B S 0$ /mm	2.40	定子槽 $B S 1$ /mm	5.63
定子槽 $B S 2$ /mm	10.16	定子槽 $H S 0$ /mm	1.40
定子槽 $H S 1$ /mm	0.50	定子槽 $H S 2$ /mm	36.00

表1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表2

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

图13

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端口名称	端口描述
I_a₁	电机三相线缆A相电流
I_b₁	电机三相线缆B相电流
I_c₁	电机三相线缆C相电流
Theta	电机转角
T_e	电机转矩
N	电机转速