改进型滑模扰动观测器的感应电机控制系统

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2022.02.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对传统PI调节器在负载剧烈突变时控制性能不佳及使用传统滑模观测器抖振严重的问题,文中以感应电机为研究对象,提出了一种基于滑模观测器和传统PI调节器的扰动实时补偿方案。通过改进型的扰动观测器对系统扰动进行实时观测估算,将估算出的扰动反馈至PI调节器进行前馈补偿,从而有效提高电机控制性能,改善抖振现象。文中搭建了基于MATLAB的仿真平台和TMS320F28335 DSP的实验平台,对所研究的改进滑模观测器扰动前馈补偿方法与常规单PI调节、常规滑模观测器扰动补偿进行了对比分析。该结果验证了所提方案的有效性与可行性,速度超调量优化了0.5%,响应时间为30 ms。

关键词: 感应电机, 负载扰动, 矢量控制, 速度环优化, 改进滑模观测器, 扰动补偿, PI调节, 新型趋近律

Abstract:

In view of the poor control performance of traditional PI regulators when the load is drastically changed, and the use of traditional sliding mode observers has serious chattering problems, taking induction motors as the research object, a real-time disturbance compensation scheme based on sliding mode observer and traditional PI regulator is proposed in this study. The system disturbance is observed and estimated in real time through the improved disturbance observer, and the estimated disturbance is fed back to the PI regulator for feedforward compensation, thereby effectively improving the motor control performance and improving the chattering phenomenon. A simulation platform based on MATLAB and an experimental platform of TMS320F28335 DSP are established, and the improved sliding mode observer disturbance feedforward compensation method is compared with conventional single PI adjustment and conventional sliding mode observer disturbance compensation. The experimental results show that the speed overshoot is optimized by 0.5%, and the response time is 30 ms, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme.

Key words: induction motor, load disturbance, vector control, speed loop optimization, improved sliding mode observer, disturbance compensation, PI regulation, new approach law

中图分类号:

TP273

袁庆庆,瞿汉飞. 改进型滑模扰动观测器的感应电机控制系统[J]. 电子科技, 2022, 35(2): 59-66.

YUAN Qingqing,QU Hanfei. Research on Induction Motor Control Based on Improved Sliding Mode Disturbance Observer[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2022, 35(2): 59-66.

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参数	数值
额定功率P_n	1.49 kW
额定电压V_n	380 V
额定速度ω^*	1 000 r·min^-1
极对数n_p	2
转子电阻R_r	1.218 Ω
定子电阻R_s	0.624 Ω
转动惯量J	1.2×10^-4 kg·m²

性能比较	控制方法
性能比较	传统观测器	改进观测器
速度超调量	2.3%	1.8%
响应时间/ms	150	120
加载速度波动	0.8%	0.5%
加载后恢复时间/ms	60	35
减载速度波动	0.8%	0.5%
减载后恢复时间/ms	60	48