单相无刷直流电机的设计分析与建模仿真

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2022.03.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文中针对单相无刷直流电机结构设计及驱动方式展开研究,推导出电机理想工况下的基本方程,根据工程实际需求并结合无刷直流电机的设计原则确定该电机的设计方案。利用设计方案设计一台额定功率38 W,额定转速750 rpm的单相无刷直流电机,并分析了渐变气隙对电机起动性能和齿槽转矩的影响,确定了最优气隙长度。通过对比单极性绕组和双极性绕组形式的优缺点确定绕组形式,结合传统电机设计公式确定绕组匝数。文中利用有限元法初步验证了设计方案的合理性。根据电机动态数学模型在Simulink环境中搭建了电机系统的模型,仿真得到电机的转速、转矩变化曲线,结果与理论分析吻合良好,验证了电机设计方案的合理性和电机模型的有效性。

关键词: 单相无刷直流电机, Simulink, 性能分析, 数学模型, 电机设计, 锥形气隙, 齿槽转矩, 建模仿真, 有限元分析

Abstract:

Research on the structure design and driving mode of single-phase brushless DC motor is carried out in this study. The basic equation of the motor under ideal working conditions is derived, and the design scheme of the motor is determined according to the actual needs of the project and combined with the design principles of the brushless DC motor. A single phase brushless DC motor with rated power of 38 W and rated speed of 750 rpm is designed using the summarized design scheme. The effect of the gradient air gap on the starting performance and the torque of the gear groove is analyzed, and the optimal air gap length is determined. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of unipolar winding and bipolar winding form, the winding form is determined, and the number of turns is determined by combining the traditional motor design formula. The rationality of the design scheme is verified by the finite element method. According to the dynamic mathematical model of the motor, the model of the motor system is established in the Simulink environment, and the curves of the motor speed and torque are obtained by simulation. The simulation results are consistent with the theoretical analysis, which verifies the rationality of the motor design scheme and the validity of the motor model.

Key words: single-phase brushless DC motors, Simulink, performance analysis, mathematical modelling, design of electrical motor, tapered air-gap, cogging torque, modeling and simulation, finite element analysis

中图分类号:

TN02

上官璇峰,杨婷玉,卫劲松,刘永健. 单相无刷直流电机的设计分析与建模仿真[J]. 电子科技, 2022, 35(3): 71-78.

Xuanfeng SHANGGUAN,Tingyu YANG,Jinsong WEI,Yongjian LIU. Design Analysis and Modeling Simulation of Brushless DC Motor[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2022, 35(3): 71-78.

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参数	数值
额定功率/W	38
额定电压/V	24
额定转速/r·min^-1	750
定子极数	4

偏移量X/mm	起动转矩/N·m
0.0	0.000
0.5	1.176
0.8	1.214
1.0	1.222
1.2	1.262
1.5	1.243

参数	数值
定子外径/mm	93
定子内径/mm	30
定子齿角度/(°)	87
轴向长度/mm	32
最小气隙长度/mm	0.5
定子偏移量/mm	1
永磁体厚度/mm	3
转子内径/mm	96
转子外径/mm	107
绕组匝数/匝	25