异步电机起动电磁仿真分析

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2021.06.011

Abstract

Abstract:

In view of the calculation of starting characteristics of small asynchronous motor in different starting modes,the two-dimensional electromagnetic model is constructed based on the finite element method to simulate the starting characteristics of the motor. Considering the effect of the motor end on the overall electromagnetic simulation in the two-dimensional model, the parameterization of the resistance and leakage inductance of the stator and rotor end are equivalently processed to the model by the method of field circuit combination. The power models of direct starting, Y-△ step-down starting and constant frequency voltage ratio starting are established by MagNet and Simulink software according to the starting circuit structure. The starting time, starting current and starting speed of the motor under different starting modes are compared and analyzed. The results show that the model can accurately simulate the characteristics of asynchronous motors under common starting methods.

Key words: asynchronous motor, starting characteristics, finite element method, end treatment, direct starting, Y-△ step-down starting, constant frequency voltage ratio starting, two dimensional

CLC Number:

TP391.9

FANG Xin,WU Yaohui,SONG He. Electromagnetic Simulation Analysis of Asynchronous Motor Starting[J].Electronic Science and Technology, 2021, 34(6): 61-66.

Figures/Tables 15

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电机参数	数据	电机参数	数据
额定功率/W	100	额定电压/V	220
额定电流/A	0.5	转速/r·min^-1	1 420
定子槽数	24	转子槽数	30
极对数	2	相数	3
铁心长度/mm	50	气隙长度/mm	0.18
定子外径/mm	120	转子外径/mm	70.8

主要参数	数值	主要参数	数值
仿真算法	ode23	斜波输出频率	20 Hz
仿真精度	1×10^-3	载波频率	1 800 Hz
补偿电压	30 V	直流电源电压	175 V

方式	仿真时长/ms	仿真步长/ms	求解器
直接起动	300	1.0	2D瞬态运动求解器
降压起动	1 000	1.0	2D瞬态运动求解器
变频起动	3 000	0.1	联合仿真

计算方式	仿真¹	实测¹	仿真²	实测²
起动时间/ms	118	124	392	400
起动电流/A	3.240	3.100	0.830	0.850
起动转矩/N·m	1.500	1.467	0.390	0.359
平均误差/%	3.900		4.200

Electromagnetic Simulation Analysis of Asynchronous Motor Starting

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