低功耗可穿戴式心电监测系统

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2024.10.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

日常心电监测对预防心血管病具有重要意义,但医用心电监测系统成本高、操作复杂且不适用于居家心电监测,可穿戴设备忽视了噪声干扰问题,难以利用采集信号来分析诊断病情。文中设计了一种低功耗可穿戴式心电监测系统,该系统由电源管理模块、心电采集模块、数据处理模块和延时开关模块4部分组成,通过BMD101芯片采集人体心电信号,使用低功耗蓝牙芯片nrf52832将心电数据发送到移动端。针对信号中易引入的肌电干扰噪声问题,文中提出了基于变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition,VMD)的去噪算法,利用非局部均值(Non-Local Mean,NLM)滤除心电信号中低频模态的噪声,离散小波(Discrete Wavelet Transform,DWT)阈值去噪算法消除心电信号的高频模态噪声,重构后的信号质量明显提高。实验结果证明,所提算法具有成本低、易便携和使用方便等特点,能够获取高质量的心电信号,满足用户的长程监测需求,解决了日常不方便监测心电和心电信号获取质量低的问题。

关键词: 可穿戴, 心电监测, 低功耗, 心电去噪, 蓝牙, 变分模态分解, 非局部均值, 离散小波变换

Abstract:

Daily electrocardiogram monitoring is of great significance for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. However, medical-grade electrocardiogram monitoring systems are expensive, complicated to operate, and not suitable for home-based electrocardiogram monitoring. Wearable devices often ignore the interference of noise, and the signals collected are difficult to analyze and diagnose. This study presents a low-power wearable electrocardiogram monitoring system, which consists of four parts:Power management module, electrocardiogram acquisition module, data processing module, and delay switch module. The system uses the BMD101 chip to acquire human electrocardiogram signals and sends the electrocardiogram data to a mobile device via low-power Bluetooth chip nrf52832. To address the muscle electrical interference noise that is easily introduced into the electrocardiogram signals, a denoising algorithm based on VMD (Variational Mode Decomposition) is proposed. The NLM(Non-Local Mean) filter is used to remove the noise in the low-frequency mode of the electrocardiogram signal, and the DWT(Discrete Wavelet Transform) threshold denoising algorithm is used to eliminate the high-frequency mode noise of the electrocardiogram signal. The reconstructed signal quality is significantly improved. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has the characteristics of low cost, easy portability and convenient use, and can obtain high quality electrocardiogramsignals, meet the needs of users for long-range monitoring, and solve the problems of inconvenient daily electrocardiogrammonitoring and low quality electrocardiogram signal acquisition.

Key words: wearable, electrocardiogram monitoring, low power consumption, electrocardiogram denoising, bluetooth, variational mode decomposition, non-local mean, discrete wavelet transform

中图分类号:

TP23

张鹏, 蒋明峰, 李杨. 低功耗可穿戴式心电监测系统[J]. 电子科技, 2024, 37(10): 88-94.

ZHANG Peng, JIANG Mingfeng, LI Yang. Low Power Consumption Wearable Electrocardiogram Monitoring System[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2024, 37(10): 88-94.

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系统状态	电流/mA	功耗/mW	工作时长/h
蓝牙未连接	3.2	11.84	93
蓝牙连接但未发送数据	3.9	14.43	76
连接蓝牙并发送数据	5.5	20.35	54