一种应用于5G移动通信的小型宽带三极化天线

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2023.12.005

电子科技 ›› 2023, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 32-38.doi: 10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2023.12.005

一种应用于5G移动通信的小型宽带三极化天线

韩国栋¹,付明²,陈曦²

1.中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所,河北石家庄 050081
2.西安电子科技大学天线与微波技术国家重点实验室,陕西西安 710071

收稿日期:2022-07-21 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2023-12-05
作者简介:韩国栋(1980-),男,博士,正高级工程师。研究方向:微波天线设计、相控阵天线、计算电磁学。|付明(1998-),男,硕士研究生。研究方向:基站天线、多极化天线技术。|陈曦(1983-),男,博士,副教授。研究方向:相控阵天线技术、超宽带天线技术、多极化通信及雷达技术。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(62171346);天线与微波技术国家重点实验室基金(6142402200308);“三三三人才工程”(A202101005)

A Miniaturized Broadband Tri-Polarized Antenna for 5G Mobile Communication

HAN Guodong¹,FU Ming²,CHEN Xi²

1. The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Corporation, Shijiazhuang 050081,China
2. National Key Laboratory of Antenna and Microwave Technology,Xidian University,Xi'an 710071,China

Received:2022-07-21 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-12-05
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(62171346);Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology(6142402200308);“333 Talent Project”of Heibei(A202101005)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文中提出了一种应用于5G移动通信的小型宽带三极化天线。该天线采用一对镂空的环形正交半波偶极子作为水平双极化,同时构造一个等效于单极子的平面矩形框作为垂直极化,并分别利用微带集成巴伦和一分四等功分微带线进行馈电。馈电方式的合理选择以及尖锥平面矩形框的巧妙设计实现了天线的宽频带特性,一体化集成式的结构布局实现了天线的小型化。天线结构紧凑,整体尺寸仅为0.27 λ_min×0.27 λ_min×0.17 λ_min,其中λ_min为最低频率的自由空间波长。为了验证设计,对其进行了加工测试,测试结果与仿真较好地吻合。测量结果显示,天线阻抗带宽为3.00~4.48 GHz(VSWR<2),相对带宽达39.6%,3个端口之间的隔离度大于27 dB。此外,在整个频带内,天线的水平极化增益大于6 dB,垂直极化增益大于3 dB,具有稳定的方向图特性以及良好的定向性,说明该天线在5G小间距阵列与狭小空间中具有较大的实用价值。

关键词: 三极化, 小型化, 宽频带, 一体化集成式, 等效单极子, 分布式, 微带集成巴伦, 5G移动通信

Abstract:

A miniaturized broadband tri-polarized antenna for 5G mobile communication is proposed in this study. A pair of hollow annular orthogonal dipoles is adopted as the horizontal dual polarization of the antenna, meanwhile a planar rectangular frame equivalent to a monopole is constructed as the vertical polarization of the antenna, which is fed by a microstrip integrated balun and the four-equivalent power dividing microstrip lines, respectively. The proper choice of the feeding method and the ingenious design of the pointed cone planar rectangular frame achieve the broadband characteristics of the antenna, and the integrated structure layout realizes the miniaturization of the antenna. The antenna structure is compact with a volume of 0.27 λ_min×0.27 λ_min×0.17 λ_min, where λ_min is the free space wavelength of the lowest frequency. To verify the design, the prototype antenna is manufactured and measured,and the measured results agree well with the simulation. The measurement results show that the antenna impedance bandwidth is 3.00~4.48 GHz(voltage standing wave ratio is less than 2), the relative bandwidth is 39.6%, and the isolation degree between the three ports is greater than 27 dB. In addition, in the entire frequency band, the horizontal polarization gain of the antenna is greater than 6 dB, the vertical polarization gain is greater than 3 dB, and the antenna has stable pattern characteristics and good orientation, indicating that the antenna has greater practical value in 5G small-pitch arrays and narrow spaces.

Key words: tri-polarization, miniaturization, broadband, all-in-one integration, equivalent monopole, distributed, microstrip integrated balun, 5G mobile communication

中图分类号:

TN92

韩国栋,付明,陈曦. 一种应用于5G移动通信的小型宽带三极化天线[J]. 电子科技, 2023, 36(12): 32-38.

HAN Guodong,FU Ming,CHEN Xi. A Miniaturized Broadband Tri-Polarized Antenna for 5G Mobile Communication[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2023, 36(12): 32-38.

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参考文献 18

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参数	数值/mm	参数	数值/mm	参数	数值/mm
bh₁	13.30	bl₂	8.25	sh₁	0.50
bh₂	9.30	bl₃	9.25	sh₂	13.00
bh₃	13.30	bl₄	9.00	sh₃	9.00
bh₄	14.30	bl₅	2.50	sh₄	5.50
bh₅	14.05	subl1	7.00	gndl₁	100.00
bx1	1.40	subl₂	31.00	gndl₂	36.00
bx₂	1.00	subh₁	17.55	dl	30.00
bl1	9.75	subh₂	15.30	vl	27.00

天线结构	高度 /λ_min	覆盖面积 /λ_min	重叠相对带宽/%	端口隔离度/dB
文献[6]	0.075	0.852×0.852	13.16	20.0
文献[14]	0.090	π×1.22²	14.00	31.0
文献[16]	0.090	π×1.76²	24.45	30.0
文献[17]	0.050	1.21×1.21	10.80	35.0
文献[18]	0.106	0.63×0.63	10.40	22.0
本文	0.170	0.27×0.27	39.60	27.0

一种应用于5G移动通信的小型宽带三极化天线

A Miniaturized Broadband Tri-Polarized Antenna for 5G Mobile Communication

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