基于Fluent的电机温度场计算

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2021.12.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电机的温度场计算是电机设计中必不可少的一部分,电机的温升涉及到整个系统及相关设备运行的安全与稳定。文中根据电机参数建立电机电磁模型计算损耗,将损耗以热源密度的形式加载到电机二维模型中计算电机温度场。为了提高温升计算精度,根据电机结构特性采用等效热导热系数法处理电机气隙的热交换。仿真计算结果与实验数据对比分析验证了等效导热系数法计算温度场的精确性。利用Fluent软件采取单向耦合的方式,求解出二维温度场模型。最后通过实验取得的温度场数据对比仿真计算结果,验证了二维模型计算实验电机稳态温度场的准确性。

关键词: 温度场, 损耗, 热源密度, 二维, 电磁, 气隙, 等效导热系数, Fluent

Abstract:

The calculation of motor temperature field is an essential part of motor design. The temperature rise of motor is related to the safety and stability of the whole system and related equipment. According to the parameters of the motor, the electromagnetic model of the motor is established to calculate the loss, and the loss is loaded into the two-dimensional model in the form of heat source density to calculate the motor temperature field. In order to improve the accuracy of temperature rise calculation, the equivalent thermal conductivity method is used to process the heat exchange in the air gap of the motor according to the structure characteristics of the moto. The accuracy of the equivalent thermal conductivity method is verified by comparing the simulation results with the experimental data. Fluent software is adopted to solve the two-dimensional temperature field model in a unidirectional coupling way. Finally, the temperature field data obtained by the experiment is compared with the simulation calculation results to verify the accuracy of the two-dimensional model to calculate the steady-state temperature field of the experimental motor.

Key words: temperature field, loss, heat source density, two dimensional, electromagnetic, air gap, equivalent thermal conductivity, Fluent

中图分类号:

TP391.9

方鑫,吴尧辉,吴昊珍. 基于Fluent的电机温度场计算[J]. 电子科技, 2021, 34(12): 30-35.

FANG Xin,WU Yaohui,WU Haozhen. Calculation of Motor Temperature Field Based on Fluent[J]. Electronic Science and Technology, 2021, 34(12): 30-35.

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电机参数	数值	电机参数	数值
额定功率/W	100	额定电压/V	220
额定电流/A	0.5	额定转速/r·min^-1	1 420
定子槽	24	转子槽	30
极对数	2	外壳外径/mm	140
铁心长度/mm	50	气隙长度/mm	0.18
定子外径/mm	120	转子外径/mm	70.8

电机部位	损耗值/W	热源密度/W·m^-3
定子铜耗	12.07	103 018
转子铜耗	8.58	205 755
定子铁耗	3.73	14 401
转子铁耗	0.20	1 408

	节点数	网格数
二维模型	94 327	42 698
三维模型	8 135 716	9 258 906

电机部位	材料	导热系数 /W·m^-1·K^-1	比热容 /J·kg^-1·K^-1	密度 /kg·m^-3
定转子铁芯	DR510-50	42.500	450.0	7 600.00
定子绕组	铜、绝缘	0.300	383.1	11 595.43
转子导条	铝	200.000	896.0	5 007.95
转轴	Q235钢	80.000	480.0	33 709.00
外壳	铸铝	200.000	896.0	8 391.00
气隙	空气	0.026	1 005.6	1.20

	外壳	绕组中部	定子轭部	转子
实验温度/℃	54.0	58.3	55.8	61.4
仿真温度/℃	50.7	53.8	52.2	58.5