四极单相串激电机运行特性和换向性能分析

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2021.10.001

Abstract

Abstract:

To reduce the increased cost of the universal motor, a new four-poles single-phase universal motor is designed based on a pick motor. The armature winding end of the motor is short, the number of brushes is small, and the auxiliary magnetic pole of the stator does not need an excitation winding, which can effectively reduce the material consumption of the series motor. By improving the structure of the traditional two-poles pick motor, the structural parameters of the new four-poles universal motor are determined and the two-dimensional finite element model of the motor is established. The air gap flux density, starting process, operating characteristics and radial force of the new series motor are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the mechanical characteristics of the four-poles series motor are relatively soft. Furthermore, the effects of the increase of the ratio of stator to rotor, different length of air gap, and the reverse offset of brush on the improvement of commutation spark are theoretically analyzed, which provides a reference for further optimization of the motor.

Key words: four-poles universal motor, wave winding, commutating spark, operational characteristics, motor turns ratio, air gap length, reverse offset brush, Maxwell

CLC Number:

TP311

SHANGGUAN Xuanfeng,LIU Yongjian,YANG Tingyu,WEI Jinsong. Analysis of Operation Characteristics and Commutating Performance of Four-Poles Single-Phase Universal Motor[J].Electronic Science and Technology, 2021, 34(10): 1-7.

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References 19

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参数/单位	数值	参数/单位	数值
转子槽数	17	换向片数	34
电刷位移角/(°)	0	铁心长度l/mm	45.0
定子外径D₁/mm	94.8	定子内径D₁₂/mm	55.0
转子外径D₂/mm	54.0	转子内径D₂₁/mm	18.0

参数/单位	数值	参数/单位	数值
额定功率P_N/W	1 700	额定转速 n_N/r·min^-1	18 000
额定电压U_N/V	220	额定电流I_N/A	7
绝缘等级	F	工作制	短时工作制

定转子安匝比	激磁电流 I_f/A	激磁安匝数 F_f	电机转速 n/r·min^-1
0.534	6.025	1 313.45	18 295
0.539	6.005	1 321.10	18 038
0.544	5.973	1 327.78	17 863
0.549	5.962	1 335.49	17 186

气隙长度/mm	激磁电流 I_f/A	激磁安匝数 F_f	电机转速 n/r·min^-1
0.5	5.643	1 230.2	18 303
0.6	6.362	1 386.9	17 191

电枢偏片数	激磁电流 I_f/A	电枢电流 I_a/A	电机 n/ r·min^-1
0.0	5.014	2.426	18 130
0.5	6.122	2.866	17 148
1.0	7.063	3.806	16 551
1.5	7.544	4.371	16 421

Analysis of Operation Characteristics and Commutating Performance of Four-Poles Single-Phase Universal Motor

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