基于Maxwell软件的车用永磁有刷直流电机效率优化

doi:10.16180/j.cnki.issn1007-7820.2023.11.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Permanent magnet brush DC motor is widely used in the automotive field. "Carbon sink Plan" requires the further reduction of automotive energy consumption, so the optimization problem of motor efficiency is becoming increasingly prominent. Based on vehicle cooling fan with permanent magnet brush DC motor as the research object, in view of the motor inefficiencies, using the finite element analysis software Maxwell, through simulation and parametric analysis of the rotor lamination length, laminated slots, winding wire diameter, winding pitch, winding circle number influences the performance of motor, combined with the simulation results and actual production conditions, determine the feasible motor efficiency optimization scheme. According to the optimization scheme, the sample is made and measured. The test data show that the motor efficiency is improved by 4.8%, and the optimization effect of motor efficiency is obvious.

Key words: permanent magnet motor, Maxwell, motor loss, efficiency of optimization, rotor, stator, core loss, copper loss

CLC Number:

U463.6

CHEN Fanfan,SUN Ning. Optimization of Automotive Permanent Magnet Brush DC Motor Efficiency Based on Maxwell Software[J].Electronic Science and Technology, 2023, 36(11): 83-88.

Figures/Tables 17

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References 15

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参数	数值	参数	数值
额定功率	400 W	定子外径	112 mm
额定电压	13 V	永磁体长度	35 mm
额定电流	31 A	转子外径	91 mm
额定转矩	1.1 N·m	转子槽数	20
额定转速	2 200±200	极数	4

增环	基本尺寸+公差/mm	减环	基本尺寸+公差/mm
机壳高度	58.6±0.1	前盖深度	4.00±0.10
后盖深度	8.0±0.1	后轴承	6.94±0.06
		后挡圈	1.00±0.04
		挡圈间尺寸	52.60±0.05
		前轴丝挡圈	0.80±0.10

输入参数	优化前/mm	优化后/mm
Hs₀	1.10	1.53
Hs₁	1.60	1.48
Hs₂	12.30	14.90
Bs₀	3.20	3.20
Bs₁	8.90	9.60
Bs₂	5.00	5.10
Rs	1.50	1.10

绕组节距	电流/A	转速/r·min^-1	输出功率/W	效率/%
整距节距(5槽)	31.96	2 455	283	73.72
短距节距(4槽)	35.21	2 742	316	74.71

变化点	原样件	优化样件
绕线直径	0.63 mm	0.67 mm
绕线节距	整距节距	短距节距
绕线匝数	双层11+12	双层12+13
转子叠片	原槽形	优化槽形
叠片厚度	23.00 mm	23.50 mm

Optimization of Automotive Permanent Magnet Brush DC Motor Efficiency Based on Maxwell Software

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电机性能参数	优化前	优化后
转矩/N·m	1.1	1.1
转速/rpm	2 696.3	2 526.6
电流/A	36.3	32.2
输出功率/W	310.0	290.0
效率/%	71.4	75.3

电机性能参数	额定点	最高效率点
转矩/N·m	1.1	0.7
转速/rpm	2 138.0	2 346.0
电流/A	29.5	20.7
输入功率/W	382.8	268.2
输出功率/W	245.8	179.1
效率/%	64.2	66.8

电机性能参数	额定点	最高效率点
转矩/N·m	1.1	0.7
转速/rpm	2 291.0	2 467.0
电流/A	29.7	21.7
输入功率/W	386.0	283.0
输出功率/W	266.0	202.0
效率/%	69.0	71.2

时间/ min	碳刷正极	碳刷负极	磁瓦内壁	磁瓦外壁	前轴端	后轴端	电感
0	71.9	76.2	52.7	46.9	58.1	51.2	67.9
20	132.2	137.8	112.3	106.9	122.9	103.9	129.8
40	145.6	153.3	129.2	120.9	143.9	113.0	145.9
60	149.4	155.8	130.7	122.2	146.2	113.7	147.2
80	149.9	155.9	131.2	122.6	146.6	114.0	148.0

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